Specimen family
n = 9
Logical Fallacies
Logical fallacies are errors in reasoning that undermine the logic of an argument. They often arise from a misunderstanding or misuse of logic, leading to conclusions that are not logically sound. Recognizing these fallacies can help in evaluating arguments critically and avoiding faulty reasoning in your own thinking.
False Cause
You treat sequence or correlation as proof that A made B happen - without ruling out rivals.
56 · Moderate
FC
Straw Man
You knock down a weaker, weirder version of someone's claim - and treat the win as if you answered the real one.
60 · Moderate
SM
Slippery Slope
You treat a modest first step as the start of an inevitable slide to a extreme end - without showing the links.
59 · Moderate
SS
False Dichotomy
You frame a choice as either/or when real alternatives, blends, or partial paths still exist.
65 · Moderate
FD
Circular Reasoning
You assume the conclusion inside the premises - so the argument only restates what it claimed to prove.
55 · Mild
CR
Appeal to Emotion
You treat a strong feeling as proof - or use emotion to replace evidence in an argument.
68 · High
AE
Framing Effect
You react differently to the same information depending on how it is presented.
62 · Moderate
FE
Halo Effect
You let one positive trait influence your overall judgment of a person or thing.
70 · High
HE
Authority Bias
Status, title, or a lab coat can make a claim feel true - before you check whether the argument earns it.
68 · High
AB